Chip-breaker for wood-planing machines.



H. A. PERKINS. CHIP BREAKER FOR WOOD PLANING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13, 1912.

Patented Aug. 11, 19M

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H. A. PERKINS. CHIP BREAKER FOR woon PLANING MACHINES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 13, 1912.

Patented Aug. 11, 1914.

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HIBAM A. PERKINS,

OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

CHIP-BREAKER FOR W'OOD-PLANING- MACHINES.

LMWJSZ.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HIRAM A. PERKINS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Rochester, State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Chip-Breakers for Wood-Planing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to the self-adjusting bar before the cut on a planing machine usually designated a chip-breaker, and it consists principally in the employment of a heavy supplementary resistance bar, which is allowed to retreat under certain circumstances, and which is yieldingly connected to the chip-breaker; and it further consists in certain details of construction, for attaching and adjusting the several parts.

is is well known in the operation of Wood planers, the pressure bar immediately before the cutter head is a great source of annoyance by causing unsatisfactory work and often of danger to the operator and to the machine: many attempts have been made to overcome the various di'fliculties. The variations in the thickness of rough sawn boards requires considerable range to the automatic adjustment of the chip breaker, and this is provided efficiently by my construction herein described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of my device looking with the arrow Fig. 3, and showing some parts in cross-section. Fig. 2 is a plan view. Fig. 3 is a cross-section as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pressure shoe section; Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the pressure spring socket and sleeve on the intermediate bar.

A, Fig. 3, represents a portion of the frame of a planing machine. B. B. are the housings secured thereto and supporting on suitable slides the yoke D, upon which the cutter head C has bearings 2, Figs. 2 and 3. 3. 8. are swinging arms which are pivoted at i to projecting portions of the yoke D and to the inner ends of which a chip-breaker iar 5 is bolted. 6. 6. are shoes which rest on the stock and are attached to a suitable supporting bar. The yoke D is adjustable vertically on housings B in the usual manner to receive lumber of difierent thickness and a bed plate 7 is provided under the cutter head, over which the stock passes while being planed. A

The above parts are common to planing machines now in use and their operation is Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 13, 1912.

Patented Aug. 11, 1914.

Serial No. 720,181.

well known; my invention relates to the construction of the chipbreaker.

8 is a yielding bar to which the shoes 6 are secured in a suitable manner. This bar has ears 9 whichare pivoted at 10 to projections 11 on the intermediate bar 5. The spring 12 located at or near the center of the length of bar 8 and guided in a recess in bar 5, exerts considerable downward pressure on the stock through the shoes 6, and at the same time the bar 8 may swing upon the pivots 10 and thus the flat portion 13 of the shoes 6 will accommodate itself to the rough surface of the stock: this flexibility of the bar 8 is of peculiar advantage on band sawed lumber because of the transverse ridges left by the saw which invariably act to keep the ordinary rigid chip-breaker shoe bouncing over the surface as the stock is moved along by the feed rolls, and its effect as a pressure bar thus neutralized.

The vertical movement of the shoe bar 8 is limited by a stop 1, Figs. 1 and 3, to just sufficient to retain the bearing of the face 13 of the shoes fairly upon the surface of the lumber at all times, thus preventing the bouncing or vertical vibration of the shoe bar, and securing a constant pressure on the stock. The swing of this bar downward is limited by the stop 14, Fig. 3, whereby the shoes 6 cannot drop so low as to oppose the progress of the lumber through the machine.

For the purpose of supporting the shoe bar 8, I provide an intermediate bar 5, extending across the machine with provision at the ends for bolting it at 22, Fig. 1, to the swinging arms 3: thus the combined parts form a chipbreaker which is free to swing on pivots 1 and accommodate itself to the irregularities of the lumber.

A supplementary resistance bar F extends across the machine immediately over the intermediate bar 5, and is guided at the ends in ways 15, Figs. 1 and 2, attached to the yoke D. To this bar a suitable number of weights 16 are attached increasing its inertia, and at the ends, projecting lugs 17 are threaded through to receive the limiting screws 18 which in turn rest on the parts 15 or on some projecting portion of the yoke not connected with the chip-breaker. Bar F may be made heavy enough to fulfil its function without separate weights 16, but I prefer to use the weights, which may be increase or reduced as required.-

Between the bar 5 and the resistance bar I I interpose springs 19 which enter sockets 21 in bar 5, and are inclosed by sleeves 20 which are fitted loosely into sockets 21, and are convex or hemispherical at the upper end and fit into cavities 24 in the under surface of the resistance bar F. These cavities act to retain the central position of the sleeves 20 in the sockets 21 and thus the action of the springs 19 is made uniform and certain. Sockets 21 also act as stops to limit the compression of the springs 19 by coming in contact with the under face of the bar F.

For the purpose of limiting the downward adjustment of the chipbreaker and providing means of tensioning the springs 19, I provide lugs 23 fast to the yoke D, and setscrews 25 are threaded through lugs on the arms 3, and rest on the lugs 28; thus the relative position of the shoes 6 with reference to the stock can be easily regulated; furthermore, the tension of the springs 19 may be controlled by the position of the bar F, through the screws 18, and it will be noticed that all these parts are a unit with the cutter head yoke D, and move with it when adjusted vertically on the housings B.

The number and disposition of the weights 16 are such that their total gravity is greater than the tension of both springs 19, and sufficient when not limited, to compress said springs into their sockets until the bar F is arrested and supported by the stops 21, when bar F is in its lowest position, and springs 19 are under their maximum tension. When an unusually thick piece enters under shoes 6, or two pieces enter at once as sometimes accidentally happens, bar F is free to rise and accommodate the variation. Downward movement of bar F and the consequent tension of the springs 19 is varied and limited when desired by setting the screws 18 up or down. The self-adjusting feature of the shoe bar 8 does not affect the action of the resistance bar F, because other forms of pressure shoes can be used in connection with it, and such bar still perform its resisting function.

It will be seen that as the stock advances under the shoes 6, the latter will lift on the pivot 10 and the under surface of the shoe will adjust itself to the uneven surface of the rough lumber until the shoe reaches the limit of its vertical movement by the stop 1, thus compressing the spring 12: when the further vertical movement of the chipbreaker is required the intermediate bar 5 lifts, compressing the springs 19, against the resistance bar F, (the arms 3 swinging on the pivots 4) which in turn will yield when the necessary rise of the chipbreaker becomes greater than the lift provided the stops or spring sockets 21.

The advantages of my construction are that the immediate pressure on the stock is by means of springs which act instantly, and cushion the vibrations of the chipbreaker shoes on rough sawed lumber, which are very great at high speeds of feed: at the same time by means of the rigid but yielding resistance bar F ample clearance is given to extreme irregularities in thickness of stock and ample pressure is provided on the chipbreaker by weights 16 and interposed springs 19: these latter take care of all usual variations in the stock, and the resistance bar F thus becomes a safety feature preventing accidents to the machine and to the operator, and at the same time producing better work than is possible with the non-elastic rigidly connected chipbreakers formerly used.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a wood planer, a cutter head, a chip breaker before the cut, a first bar above the chip breaker, a spring between said bar and the chip breaker, an independent resistance bar above said first bar, the resistance bar being limited in its downward movement but free to yield upward, and elastic means between said first bar and the resistance bar, as set forth.

2. In a wood planer a cutter head, a chip breaker, a yielding resistance bar, a yield ing medium between the chipbreaker and the resistance bar, adjusting screws on said resistance bar to limit its downward movement but permittingit to rise when required, adjustable stops on the chipbreaker arms, operating substantially in the manner described.

3. In a wood planing machine, a cutter head, a chipbreaker comprising a pressure shoe or shoes, a shoe supporting bar, pivoted arms attached to such bar and a yielding resistance bar over the shoe supporting bar, with yielding means interposed between the shoe supporting bar and the resistance bar for the purposes set forth.

4:. A chipbreaker for a wood planing machine comprising a pivoted self-adjusting pressure shoe, an intermediate supporting bar, a yielding resistance bar above the latter, and elastic connections interposed between each of the above members, substantially as set forth.

HIRAM A. PERKINS.

for by Witnesses:

I. J. BUDLONG, C. B. Fos'rnn.

Gcipics of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

